Veronika Němečková

Klára Blaškovanová

Addressing the ongoing crisis of desertification mainly in central Asia, Sahel and Amazonas regions

The threat of desertification is a tremendous problem that greatly impacts environmental sustainability and the socioeconomic well-being of areas like Sahel, Amazonas and central Asia. Desertification is driven by unplanned agriculture, climate change and the destruction of natural forests. This leads to the poor quality of agricultural land, limited variability of species and the increase of ecological threats. Within regions such as Central Asia's Aral Sea vicinity, this expansion has displaced communities and caused the agricultural output to drop significantly. Growing desert in the Sahel region only aggravates the shortage of food, which drives most of the resource-based conflicts. Furthermore, land misuse which has a negative effect on the world's largest rainforests such as the Amazon, damages people's lives around the area as well as influencing the weather circles globally. Managing this difficult situation demands a collaborative effort of the world nations and strategies to be put forth by experts from different socio-economical backgrounds. Soil conservation methods should be supported for the purpose of adopting green and sustainable technologies, such as planting trees for conservation of the environment as well as enhancing resilience to climatic changes. Additionally, collaboration and investment in community-led adaptation strategies and capacity- building programs is essential in mitigating the effects of desertification and foster long-term sustainability in affected regions. Nations should address this issue and create a path towards the goal of having comprehensive resolutions as well as saving the lives of people worldwide.

Assessing ways to achieve global carbon neutrality before 2100 and devising binding legal measures to enforce this goal including focus on removing fraudulent carbon recapture schemes

The quest for achieving global carbon neutrality by 2100 is a necessity for the sustainable survival of our planet. Creation of greenhouse gas emissions, mainly from the use of fossil fuels, is recognised to be the main cause behind global warming which threatens the biosphere and humans' quality of life. For the purpose of achieving the ambitious target, it is essential to devise practical legal measures that enables countries to be accountable for not reducing emissions and not mitigating their carbon footprint. Furthermore, the problem of fraudulent carbon recapture schemes must be addressed to retain credibility of carbon offsetting undertakings. Furthermore, achieving worldwide carbon neutrality requires collective action and commitment from all nations. Despite this, differing concerns of the countries can indeed sometimes hinder the progress. That is why, UN needs to function as a powerful intermediary body in the diplomatic processes to ensure cooperation among nations to overcome these obstacles. The urgency of addressing climate change demands decisive action. Having dialogue is the step to foster collaboration and methodically craft solutions to ensure carbon neutrality and combating fraudulent carbon recapture schemes. Only through joint works will it be possible to make the world sustainable for our successors.

Documents

• Study guide

Matrix